2 Corinthians 1:2
Grace be to you and peace from God our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ.
Original Language Analysis
χάρις
Grace
G5485
χάρις
Grace
Strong's:
G5485
Word #:
1 of 12
graciousness (as gratifying), of manner or act (abstract or concrete; literal, figurative or spiritual; especially the divine influence upon the heart
καὶ
and
G2532
καὶ
and
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
3 of 12
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
εἰρήνη
peace
G1515
εἰρήνη
peace
Strong's:
G1515
Word #:
4 of 12
peace (literally or figuratively); by implication, prosperity
ἀπὸ
from
G575
ἀπὸ
from
Strong's:
G575
Word #:
5 of 12
"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
θεοῦ
God
G2316
θεοῦ
God
Strong's:
G2316
Word #:
6 of 12
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
πατρὸς
Father
G3962
πατρὸς
Father
Strong's:
G3962
Word #:
7 of 12
a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
καὶ
and
G2532
καὶ
and
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
9 of 12
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
κυρίου
from the Lord
G2962
κυρίου
from the Lord
Strong's:
G2962
Word #:
10 of 12
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
Cross References
Romans 1:7To all that be in Rome, beloved of God, called to be saints: Grace to you and peace from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ.Ephesians 6:23Peace be to the brethren, and love with faith, from God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.Philippians 1:2Grace be unto you, and peace, from God our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ.Colossians 1:2To the saints and faithful brethren in Christ which are at Colosse: Grace be unto you, and peace, from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.1 Chronicles 12:18Then the spirit came upon Amasai, who was chief of the captains, and he said, Thine are we, David, and on thy side, thou son of Jesse: peace, peace be unto thee, and peace be to thine helpers; for thy God helpeth thee. Then David received them, and made them captains of the band.Philemon 1:3Grace to you, and peace, from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
Historical Context
Written around AD 55-56 from Macedonia after Paul's 'painful visit' to Corinth (2:1). The Corinthian church faced challenges to Paul's apostolic authority from 'super-apostles' (11:5) who valued eloquence over cruciform ministry. Paul writes to defend his ministry, explain his changed travel plans, and restore relationship with this fractious congregation.
Questions for Reflection
- Do I believe grace and peace come 'from God' alone, or seek them through human approval?
- How would viewing relationships through 'grace and peace' transform difficult interactions?
- What does receiving grace 'from the Lord Jesus Christ' mean when I feel neither gracious nor peaceful?
Related Resources
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Analysis & Commentary
Grace be to you and peace (χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη)—Paul's greeting merges Greek charis ("grace," unmerited favor) with Hebrew shalom ("peace," wholeness). In a letter addressing deep wounds, he invokes God's enabling power and reconciliation.
From God our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ—the dual apo (ἀπό, "from") places Father and Son on equal footing as co-fountains of grace and peace, affirming Christ's deity.